The significance of exercise has been amplified by a recent study, which revealed that 1.8 billion adults are at risk of heart attacks and diabetes from not exercising. The study undertaken by researchers from the World Health Organization and academic colleagues, and published in The Lancet Global Health journal, showed that nearly the figure did not meet the recommended physical activity levels in 2022.
The findings made public on Wednesday point to a worrying trend of physical inactivity among adults, which has increased by about 5 percentage points between 2010 and 2022. The researchers warn that if the trend continues, levels of inactivity are projected to further rise to 35 per cent by 2030, and the world is currently off track from meeting the global target to reduce physical inactivity by 2030.
WHO recommends that adults have 150 minutes of moderate-intensity, or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity, or equivalent, per week, as physical inactivity puts adults at greater risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes, type 2 diabetes, dementia and cancers such as breast and colon. “These new findings highlight a lost opportunity to reduce cancer and heart disease, and to improve mental well-being through increased physical activity,” said WHO Director-General, Dr Tedros Ghebreyesus. “We must renew our commitments to increasing levels of physical activity and prioritize bold action, including strengthened policies and increased funding, to reverse this worrying trend.”
The highest rates of physical inactivity were observed in the high-income Asia Pacific region (48 per cent) and South Asia (45 per cent), with levels of inactivity in other regions ranging from 28 per cent in high-income Western countries to 14 per cent in Oceania. The data showed physical inactivity is still more common among women globally compared with men, with inactivity rates of 34 per cent compared to 29 per cent. In some countries, this difference is as much as 20 percentage points.
Additionally, people over 60 are less active than other adults, underscoring the importance of promoting physical activity for older adults. “Physical inactivity is a silent threat to global health, contributing significantly to the burden of chronic diseases,” said Director of Health Promotion at WHO, Dr Rüdiger Krech. “We need to find innovative ways to motivate people to be more active, considering factors like age, environment, and cultural background. By making physical activity accessible, affordable, and enjoyable for all, we can significantly reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases and create a population that is healthier and more productive.”
The study showed that almost half of the world’s countries have made some improvements over the past decade, and 22 countries were identified as likely to reach the global target of reducing inactivity by 15 per cent by 2030 if their trend continues at the same pace. In light of these findings, the global health body is calling on countries to strengthen their policy implementation to promote and enable physical activity through grassroots and community sports and active recreation and transport (walking, cycling, and using public transport), among other measures.
The Head of the WHO Unit for Physical Activity, Dr Fiona Bull, said, “Promoting physical activity goes beyond promoting individual lifestyle choice – it will require a whole-of-society approach and creating environments that make it easier and safer for everyone to be more active in ways they enjoy to reap the many health benefits of regular physical activity,”. “Collective efforts based on partnerships between government and non-governmental stakeholders and increased investments in innovative approaches will be needed to reach the least active people and to reduce inequalities in access to measures promoting and improving physical activity,” WHO said.
